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Affirmative action is a policy to encourage equal opportunity and to level the playing field for groups of people who have been and are discriminated against (Stein, Martinez, Tashiro). The term affirmative action is applied to the use of racial, ethnic, or gender preferences set apart a variety of social benefits. Treating people differently because of the color of their skin use to be called discrimination, but today it's called affirmative action. "Affirmative action" is applied to a variety of federal, state and private sector programs aimed at achieving racial and gender diversity in the workforce and in education. It is surrounded by misconceptions, which its opponents find easy to exploit.
Affirmative action can be traced back to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. On September 24, 1965, the executive order number 11246 required that federal contractors "take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and that employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, color, religion, sex, or national origin" (www.now.org). Employers are being asked to hire less qualified worker and sometimes for more money too. It barred discrimination in a wide variety of private and public settings. Title II of the Act prohibited discrimination in privately owned facilities opened to the public. Title VI outlawed discrimination in federally funded programs. Also, Title VII prohibited discrimination by both private and public employers. In the beginning, affirmative action amide to get rid of racial imbalance in hiring policies. The goals were later extended to include college admissions and the awarding of government contracts. Affirmative action has been a much-debated issue throughout the years.
Affirmative action today, is considered to be one of the most controversial dilemmas facing our equal status of individual rights. As we all know, affirmative action was implemented with the idea and hope that America would finally become truly equal. So far, it has lasted for thirty years and had not solved any of our current problems concerning equal rights – it made things worse. It was created with the intention of using reverse discrimination to solve the problem of discrimination. In that, minority groups are being chosen over the qualifications of other workers. This intention creates a mainstream of problems.
Some find it very unfair in using its practices, some find it very helpful. The portion of the group that stands with affirmative action, are usually in a situation in which they actually benefited from it. They have their reasons as to why they support the action. Based on the general public as to why they acknowledge affirmative action is usually based of the fact that it establishes a situation where equal opportunity is distributed among minorities for jobs. Prior to affirmative action – city, state, and government jobs were almost completely closed off to minorities and women (www.dol.gov). In our present day, minorities and women have gained a tremendous increase in the application of jobs in those workplaces. Unlike the days before affirmative action, where job opportunity was mostly given to the Americans, now jobs are being given to minorities and women due to the quota system. Suppose that an American male and a minority (Hispanic, Afro-American, woman, etc.) are applying for the same job, the American male is much more qualified than the minority.
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